Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta READING. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta READING. Mostrar todas las entradas
miércoles, 5 de febrero de 2014
sábado, 20 de abril de 2013
sábado, 13 de abril de 2013
THE CASTLE AND ITS SURROUNDING OLD TOWN “LA VILLA”
The Castle in Aguilar de la Frontera can be regarded as one of the most remarkable ones during the period known as Al-Andalus and later Kingdom of Castile. Moreover, it has been popular for the beauty of its buildings.
There were several settlements since the Roman period up to the Christian one and the formers called it as IPAGRO. But during the muslism age Ipagro was named as POLEY. Poley was also the name of a very important battle which took place at the time between Abdallan and Ben-Hafsun dated back in the year 890 B.C.
During the Christian period the town was owned by the king Fernando III and his son Alfonso X who handed the village over the portuguese Yáñez Dovinal for his great service to the king. Yáñez Dovinal decided to name the village as AGUILAR in honour of his mother's surname ÁGUIA. This was also the reason for the eagle found in the coat of arms. Dovinal was the first lineage of Aguilar. But after a period ruled by some of the Dovinal's lords and with no offspring except for a young boy, the village of Aguilar was given back again to the crown.
During this period (1350), the crown was ruled by Pedro I “El Cruel” who handed the power over Alfonso Fernández Coronel. But Alfonso supported Enrique II de Trastámara, who was the illegitimate brother of Pedro I, to the throne. For this reason, Pedro I was very upset and started an important historic event known as the Battle of Aguilar. He then changed the village's name to Monterreal. Alfonso Fernández Coronel was killed in this battle by Pedro I in 1353 and the village was given again back to the crown.
After several battles, Enrique II kills Pedro I in Montiel and ascends the throne in 1369. Enrique II transfers the village to the family Fernández de Córdoba in 1370. They were a very remarkable lineage in the state and the name of Monterreal is changed to Aguilar. They rebuilt the castle which was ruined by the attacks of Pedro I “The Cruel”.
Finally, Alfonso Fernández de Córdoba was the 10th and most remarkable lord for the village of Aguilar.
Our visit to the castle will focus on the following points:
The Castle in Aguilar de la Frontera can be regarded as one of the most remarkable ones during the period known as Al-Andalus and later Kingdom of Castile. Moreover, it has been popular for the beauty of its buildings.
There were several settlements since the Roman period up to the Christian one and the formers called it as IPAGRO. But during the muslism age Ipagro was named as POLEY. Poley was also the name of a very important battle which took place at the time between Abdallan and Ben-Hafsun dated back in the year 890 B.C.
During the Christian period the town was owned by the king Fernando III and his son Alfonso X who handed the village over the portuguese Yáñez Dovinal for his great service to the king. Yáñez Dovinal decided to name the village as AGUILAR in honour of his mother's surname ÁGUIA. This was also the reason for the eagle found in the coat of arms. Dovinal was the first lineage of Aguilar. But after a period ruled by some of the Dovinal's lords and with no offspring except for a young boy, the village of Aguilar was given back again to the crown.
During this period (1350), the crown was ruled by Pedro I “El Cruel” who handed the power over Alfonso Fernández Coronel. But Alfonso supported Enrique II de Trastámara, who was the illegitimate brother of Pedro I, to the throne. For this reason, Pedro I was very upset and started an important historic event known as the Battle of Aguilar. He then changed the village's name to Monterreal. Alfonso Fernández Coronel was killed in this battle by Pedro I in 1353 and the village was given again back to the crown.
After several battles, Enrique II kills Pedro I in Montiel and ascends the throne in 1369. Enrique II transfers the village to the family Fernández de Córdoba in 1370. They were a very remarkable lineage in the state and the name of Monterreal is changed to Aguilar. They rebuilt the castle which was ruined by the attacks of Pedro I “The Cruel”.
Finally, Alfonso Fernández de Córdoba was the 10th and most remarkable lord for the village of Aguilar.
Our visit to the castle will focus on the following points:
- (PUBLIC) GRANARY: (Pósito)
- “THE VILLAGE”: La Villa
- PANORAMIC VIEW: Vistas panorámicas.
- ALONSO DE AGUILAR: Familia Fernández de Córdoba
- DEFENDING WALL: “FALSABRAGA”
- STONE-MASON / STONE-CARVER MARKS : Marcas de cantero sobre las piedras.
- BAILEY: “Patio de armas”
- MAIN TOWER: “DEL HOMENAJE”
- BACK DOOR AND ENTRANCE: “POTERNA Y ENTRADA EN RECODO”
- THE XIII CENTURY
- TOWER “LA CADENA”: TORRE DE LA CADENA
- SOUTH-EAST TOWER: TORRE DEL SURESTE
miércoles, 30 de enero de 2013
miércoles, 31 de octubre de 2012
martes, 14 de febrero de 2012
READ THE STORY OF ST' VALENTINE'S...(1D, 2D)
St. Valentine's Story
Let me introduce myself. My name is Valentine. I lived in Rome during the third century. That was long, long ago! At that time, Rome was ruled by an emperor named Claudius. I didn't like Emperor Claudius, and I wasn't the only one! A lot of people shared my feelings.
Claudius wanted to have a big army. He expected men to volunteer to join. Many men just did not want to fight in wars. They did not want to leave their wives and families. As you might have guessed, not many men signed up. This made Claudius furious. So what happened? He had a crazy idea. He thought that if men were not married, they would not mind joining the army. So Claudius decided not to allow any more marriages. Young people thought his new law was cruel. I thought it was preposterous! I certainly wasn't going to support that law!
Did I mention that I was a priest? One of my favorite activities was to marry couples. Even after Emperor Claudius passed his law, I kept on performing marriage ceremonies -- secretly, of course. It was really quite exciting. Imagine a small candlelit room with only the bride and groom and myself. We would whisper the words of the ceremony, listening all the while for the steps of soldiers.
One night, we did hear footsteps. It was scary! Thank goodness the couple I was marrying escaped in time. I was caught. (Not quite as light on my feet as I used to be, I guess.) I was thrown in jail and told that my punishment was death.
I tried to stay cheerful. And do you know what? Wonderful things happened. Many young people came to the jail to visit me. They threw flowers and notes up to my window. They wanted me to know that they, too, believed in love.
One of these young people was the daughter of the prison guard. Her father allowed her to visit me in the cell. Sometimes we would sit and talk for hours. She helped me to keep my spirits up. She agreed that I did the right thing by ignoring the Emperor and going ahead with the secret marriages. On the day I was to die, I left my friend a little note thanking her for her friendship and loyalty. I signed it, "Love from your Valentine."
I believe that note started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine's Day. It was written on the day I died, February 14, 269 A.D. Now, every year on this day, people remember. But most importantly, they think about love and friendship. And when they think of Emperor Claudius, they remember how he tried to stand in the way of love, and they laugh -- because they know that love can't be beaten!
Let me introduce myself. My name is Valentine. I lived in Rome during the third century. That was long, long ago! At that time, Rome was ruled by an emperor named Claudius. I didn't like Emperor Claudius, and I wasn't the only one! A lot of people shared my feelings.
Claudius wanted to have a big army. He expected men to volunteer to join. Many men just did not want to fight in wars. They did not want to leave their wives and families. As you might have guessed, not many men signed up. This made Claudius furious. So what happened? He had a crazy idea. He thought that if men were not married, they would not mind joining the army. So Claudius decided not to allow any more marriages. Young people thought his new law was cruel. I thought it was preposterous! I certainly wasn't going to support that law!
Did I mention that I was a priest? One of my favorite activities was to marry couples. Even after Emperor Claudius passed his law, I kept on performing marriage ceremonies -- secretly, of course. It was really quite exciting. Imagine a small candlelit room with only the bride and groom and myself. We would whisper the words of the ceremony, listening all the while for the steps of soldiers.
One night, we did hear footsteps. It was scary! Thank goodness the couple I was marrying escaped in time. I was caught. (Not quite as light on my feet as I used to be, I guess.) I was thrown in jail and told that my punishment was death.
I tried to stay cheerful. And do you know what? Wonderful things happened. Many young people came to the jail to visit me. They threw flowers and notes up to my window. They wanted me to know that they, too, believed in love.
One of these young people was the daughter of the prison guard. Her father allowed her to visit me in the cell. Sometimes we would sit and talk for hours. She helped me to keep my spirits up. She agreed that I did the right thing by ignoring the Emperor and going ahead with the secret marriages. On the day I was to die, I left my friend a little note thanking her for her friendship and loyalty. I signed it, "Love from your Valentine."
I believe that note started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine's Day. It was written on the day I died, February 14, 269 A.D. Now, every year on this day, people remember. But most importantly, they think about love and friendship. And when they think of Emperor Claudius, they remember how he tried to stand in the way of love, and they laugh -- because they know that love can't be beaten!
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